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Compare Yemen (2001) - Equatorial Guinea (2001)

Compare Yemen (2001) z Equatorial Guinea (2001)

 Yemen (2001)Equatorial Guinea (2001)
 YemenEquatorial Guinea
Administrative divisions 17 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Abyan, 'Adan, Al Bayda', Al Hudaydah, Al Jawf, Al Mahrah, Al Mahwit, 'Ataq, Dhamar, Hadhramawt, Hajjah, Ibb, Lahij, Ma'rib, Sa'dah, San'a', Ta'izz

note:
there may be three more governorates: Al Daleh, Shabwah, and the capital city of Sana'a
7 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas
Age structure 0-14 years:
47.21% (male 4,340,436; female 4,195,076)

15-64 years:
49.79% (male 4,598,301; female 4,402,402)

65 years and over:
3% (male 274,202; female 267,618) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
42.56% (male 103,909; female 102,946)

15-64 years:
53.68% (male 124,808; female 136,088)

65 years and over:
3.76% (male 8,178; female 10,131) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products grain, fruits, vegetables, pulses, qat (mildly narcotic shrub), coffee, cotton; dairy products, livestock (sheep, goats, cattle, camels), poultry; fish coffee, cocoa, rice, yams, cassava (tapioca), bananas, palm oil nuts; livestock; timber
Airports 50 (2000 est.) 3 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
13

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
8

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
37

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
9

1,524 to 2,437 m:
8

914 to 1,523 m:
13

under 914 m:
5 (2000 est.)
total:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total:
527,970 sq km

land:
527,970 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes Perim, Socotra, the former Yemen Arab Republic (YAR or North Yemen), and the former People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY or South Yemen)
total:
28,051 sq km

land:
28,051 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than twice the size of Wyoming slightly smaller than Maryland
Background North Yemen became independent of the Ottoman Empire in 1918. The British, who had set up a protectorate area around the southern port of Aden in the 19th century, withdrew in 1967 from what became South Yemen. Three years later, the southern government adopted a Marxist orientation. The massive exodus of hundreds of thousands of Yemenis from the south to the north contributed to two decades of hostility between the states. The two countries were formally unified as the Republic of Yemen in 1990. A southern secessionist movement in 1994 was quickly subdued. In 2000, Saudi Arabia and Yemen agreed to a delimitation of their border. Composed of a mainland portion and five inhabited islands, Equatorial Guinea has been ruled by ruthless leaders who have badly mismanaged the economy since independence from 190 years of Spanish rule in 1968. Although nominally a constitutional democracy since 1991, the 1996 presidential and 1999 legislative elections were widely seen as being flawed.
Birth rate 43.36 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 37.72 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$3 billion

expenditures:
$3.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
revenues:
$47 million

expenditures:
$43 million, including capital expenditures of $7 million (1996 est.)
Capital Sanaa Malabo
Climate mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east tropical; always hot, humid
Coastline 1,906 km 296 km
Constitution 16 May 1991; amended 29 September 1994 and February 2001 approved by national referendum 17 November 1991; amended January 1995
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Yemen

conventional short form:
Yemen

local long form:
Al Jumhuriyah al Yamaniyah

local short form:
Al Yaman
conventional long form:
Republic of Equatorial Guinea

conventional short form:
Equatorial Guinea

local long form:
Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial

local short form:
Guinea Ecuatorial

former:
Spanish Guinea
Currency Yemeni rial (YER) Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Death rate 9.58 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 13.11 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $4.4 billion (2000) $290 million (1999 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Barbara K. BODINE

embassy:
Dhahar Himyar Zone, Sheraton Hotel District, Sanaa

mailing address:
P. O. Box 22347, Sanaa

telephone:
[967] (1) 303-161

FAX:
[967] (1) 303-182
chief of mission:
Ambassador John M. YATES; note - the US does not have an embassy in Equatorial Guinea (embassy closed September 1995); US relations with Equatorial Guinea are handled through the US Embassy in Yaounde, Cameroon; the US State Department is considering opening a Consulate Agency in Malabo
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Abd al-Wahhab Abdallah al-HAJRI

chancery:
Suite 705, 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037

telephone:
[1] (202) 965-4760

FAX:
[1] (202) 337-2017
chief of mission:
Ambassador Teodoro BIYOGO NSUEA

chancery:
2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 518-5700

FAX:
[1] (202) 528-5252
Disputes - international a June 2000 treaty delimited the boundary with Saudi Arabia, but final demarcation requires adjustments based on tribal considerations tripartite maritime boundary and economic zone dispute with Cameroon and Nigeria is currently before the ICJ; maritime boundary dispute with Gabon because of disputed sovereignty over islands in Corisco Bay
Economic aid - recipient $176.1 million (1995) $33.8 million (1995)
Economy - overview Yemen, one of the poorest countries in the Arab world, reported strong growth in the mid-1990s with the onset of oil production, but was harmed by low oil prices in 1998. Yemen has embarked on an IMF-supported structural adjustment program designed to modernize and streamline the economy, which has led to foreign debt relief and restructuring. Aided by higher oil prices in 1999-2000, Yemen worked to maintain tight control over spending and implement additional components of the IMF program. A high population growth rate of nearly 3.4% and internal political dissension complicate the government's task. The discovery and exploitation of large oil reserves have contributed to dramatic economic growth in recent years. Forestry, farming, and fishing are also major components of GDP. Subsistence farming predominates. Although pre-independence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the deterioration of the rural economy under successive brutal regimes has diminished potential for agriculture-led growth. A number of aid programs sponsored by the World Bank and the IMF have been cut off since 1993 because of the government's gross corruption and mismanagement. Businesses, for the most part, are owned by government officials and their family members. Undeveloped natural resources include titanium, iron ore, manganese, uranium, and alluvial gold. The country responded favorably to the devaluation of the CFA franc in January 1994. Boosts in production and high world oil prices stimulated growth in 2000, with oil accounting for 90% of greatly increased exports.
Electricity - consumption 2.232 billion kWh (1999) 19.5 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 2.4 billion kWh (1999) 21 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
85.71%

hydro:
14.29%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Arabian Sea 0 m

highest point:
Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb 3,760 m
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Pico Basile 3,008 m
Environment - current issues very limited natural fresh water resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification tap water is not potable; desertification
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
Nuclear Test Ban
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups predominantly Arab; but also Afro-Arab, South Asians, Europeans Bioko (primarily Bubi, some Fernandinos), Rio Muni (primarily Fang), Europeans less than 1,000, mostly Spanish
Exchange rates Yemeni rials per US dollar - 164.590 (October 2000), 160.683 (2000), 155.718 (1999), 135.882 (1998), 129.281 (1997), 94.157 (1996) Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 699.21 (January 2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996); note - from 1 January 1999, the XAF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XAF per euro
Executive branch chief of state:
President Field Marshall Ali Abdallah SALIH (since 22 May 1990, the former president of North Yemen, assumed office upon the merger of North and South Yemen); Vice President Maj. Gen. Abd al-Rab Mansur al-HADI (since 3 October 1994)

head of government:
Prime Minister Abd al-Qadir BA JAMAL (since 4 April 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister

elections:
president elected by direct, popular vote for a five-year term (a new constitution amendment extends the term by two years to a seven-year term); election last held 23 September 1999 (next to be held NA 2006); vice president appointed by the president; prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president

election results:
Ali Abdallah SALIH elected president; percent of vote: Ali Abdallah SALIH 96.3%, Najeeb Qahtan AL-SHAABI 3.7%
chief of state:
President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO (since 3 August 1979 when he seized power in a military coup)

head of government:
Prime Minister Candido Muatetema RIVAS (since 26 February 2001); First Deputy Prime Minister Miguel OYONO NDONG (since NA January 1998); Deputy Prime Minister Demetrio Elo NDONG NZE FUMU (since NA January 1998)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote to a seven-year term; election last held 25 February 1996 (next to be held NA February 2003); prime minister and vice prime ministers appointed by the president

election results:
President Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO reelected with 98% of popular vote in elections marred by widespread fraud
Exports $4.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $860 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities crude oil, coffee, dried and salted fish petroleum, timber, cocoa
Exports - partners Thailand 34%, China 26%, South Korea 14%, Japan 3% (1999) US 62%, Spain 17%, China 9%, France 3%, Japan 3%, (1997)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 April - 31 March
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black; similar to the flag of Syria which has two green stars and of Iraq which has three green stars (plus an Arabic inscription) in a horizontal line centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Egypt which has a heraldic eagle centered in the white band three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice)
GDP purchasing power parity - $14.4 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $960 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
20%

industry:
42%

services:
38% (1998)
agriculture:
20%

industry:
60%

services:
20% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $820 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 6% (2000 est.) 12% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 15 00 N, 48 00 E 2 00 N, 10 00 E
Geography - note strategic location on Bab el Mandeb, the strait linking the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, one of world's most active shipping lanes insular and continental regions rather widely separated
Highways total:
69,263 km

paved:
9,963 km

unpaved:
59,300 km (1999)
total:
2,880 km

paved:
0 km

unpaved:
2,880 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
2.3%

highest 10%:
30.8% (1992)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports $2.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $300 million (f.o.b., 1999)
Imports - commodities food and live animals, machinery and equipment manufactured goods and equipment
Imports - partners Saudi Arabia 10%, UAE 8%, US 7%, France 7%, Italy 6% (1999) US 35%, France 15%, Spain 10%, Cameroon 10%, UK 6% (1997)
Independence 22 May 1990, Republic of Yemen was established with the merger of the Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen] and the Marxist-dominated People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]; previously North Yemen had become independent on NA November 1918 (from the Ottoman Empire) and South Yemen had become independent on 30 November 1967 (from the UK) 12 October 1968 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 7.4% (1994 est.)
Industries crude oil production and petroleum refining; small-scale production of cotton textiles and leather goods; food processing; handicrafts; small aluminum products factory; cement petroleum, fishing, sawmilling, natural gas
Infant mortality rate 68.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 92.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 10% (2000 est.) 6% (1999 est.)
International organization participation ACC, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) ACCT, ACP, AfDB, BDEAC, CEEAC, CEMAC, ECA, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (applicant)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 5,674 sq km (1999) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court Supreme Tribunal
Labor force NA NA
Labor force - by occupation most people are employed in agriculture and herding; services, construction, industry, and commerce account for less than one-fourth of the labor force -
Land boundaries total:
1,746 km

border countries:
Oman 288 km, Saudi Arabia 1,458 km
total:
539 km

border countries:
Cameroon 189 km, Gabon 350 km
Land use arable land:
3%

permanent crops:
13%

permanent pastures:
33.5%

forests and woodland:
4%

other:
46.5% (1999)
arable land:
5%

permanent crops:
4%

permanent pastures:
4%

forests and woodland:
46%

other:
41% (1993 est.)
Languages Arabic Spanish (official), French (official), pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo
Legal system based on Islamic law, Turkish law, English common law, and local tribal customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction partly based on Spanish civil law and tribal custom
Legislative branch a new constitutional amendment ratified on 20 February 2001 created a bicameral legislature consisting of a Shura Council (111 seats; members appointed by the president) and a House of Representatives (301 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)

elections:
last held 27 April 1997 (next to be held 27 April 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - GPC 189, Islah 52, Nasserite Unionist Party 3, National Arab Socialist Baath Party 2, independents 54, election pending 1; latest seats by party: GPC 223, Islah 64, Nasserite Unionist Party 3, National Arab Socialist Baath Party 2, YSP 2, independents 7
unicameral House of People's Representatives or Camara de Representantes del Pueblo (80 seats; members directly elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 7 March 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PDGE 80%, UP 6%, CPDS 5%; seats by party - PDGE 75, UP 4 and CPDS 1

note:
opposition parties have refused to take up their seats in the House to protest widespread irregularities in the 1999 legislative elections
Life expectancy at birth total population:
60.21 years

male:
58.45 years

female:
62.05 years (2001 est.)
total population:
53.95 years

male:
51.89 years

female:
56.07 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
38%

male:
53%

female:
26% (1990 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
78.5%

male:
89.6%

female:
68.1% (1995 est.)
Location Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon
Map references Middle East Africa
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total:
4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 15,075 GRT/23,562 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1, petroleum tanker 3 (2000 est.)
total:
12 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 26,035 GRT/27,927 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 1, cargo 7, combination bulk 1, passenger 2, passenger/cargo 1 (2000 est.)
Military branches Army, Navy, Coast Guard, Air Force, Air Defense Forces, Presidential Guards, paramilitary (includes Police) Army, Navy, Air Force, Rapid Intervention Force, National Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure $414 million (FY99) $3 million (FY97/98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 7.6% (FY99) 0.6% (FY97/98)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
4,103,093 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
108,973 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
2,303,257 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
55,347 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age 14 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
238,690 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Unification Day, 22 May (1990) Independence Day, 12 October (1968)
Nationality noun:
Yemeni(s)

adjective:
Yemeni
noun:
Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s)

adjective:
Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
Natural hazards sandstorms and dust storms in summer violent windstorms, flash floods
Natural resources petroleum, fish, rock salt, marble, small deposits of coal, gold, lead, nickel, and copper, fertile soil in west oil, petroleum, timber, small unexploited deposits of gold, manganese, uranium
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) NEGL migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 644 km; petroleum products 32 km -
Political parties and leaders there are over 12 political parties active in Yemen, some of the more prominent are: General People's Congress or GPC [President Ali Abdallah SALIH]; Islamic Reform Grouping or Islah [Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR]; National Arab Socialist Baath Party [Dr. Qassim SALAAM]; Nasserite Unionist Party [Abdel Malik al-MAKHLAFI]; Yemeni Socialist Party or YSP [Ali Salih MUQBIL]

note:
President SALIH's General People's Congress or GPC won a landslide victory in the April 1997 legislative election and no longer governs in coalition with Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR's Islamic Reform Grouping or Islah - the two parties had been in coalition since the end of the civil war in 1994; the YSP, a loyal opposition party, boycotted the April 1997 legislative election, but announced that it would participate in Yemen's first local elections to be held in February 2001; these local elections aim to decentralize political power and are a key element of the government's political reform program
Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Placido Miko ABOGO]; Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE (ruling party) [Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO]; Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO]; Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Miguel Esono EMAN]; Popular Union or UP [Andres Moises Bda ADA]; Progressive Democratic Alliance or ADP [Victorino Bolekia BONAY, mayor of Malabo]; Union of Independent Democrats of UDI [Daniel OYONO]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 18,078,035 (July 2001 est.) 486,060 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 19% (1992 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 3.38% (2001 est.) 2.46% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Aden, Al Hudaydah, Al Mukalla, As Salif, Mocha, Nishtun Bata, Luba, Malabo
Radio broadcast stations AM 6, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998) AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 4 (1998)
Radios 1.05 million (1997) 180,000 (1997)
Railways 0 km total:
0 km
Religions Muslim including Shaf'i (Sunni) and Zaydi (Shi'a), small numbers of Jewish, Christian, and Hindu nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic, pagan practices
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.02 male(s)/female

total population:
1.04 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.92 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.81 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal adult
Telephone system general assessment:
since unification in 1990, efforts have been made to create a national telecommunications network

domestic:
the national network consists of microwave radio relay, cable, tropospheric scatter, and GSM cellular mobile telephone systems

international:
satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region), and 2 Arabsat; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and Djibouti
general assessment:
poor system with adequate government services

domestic:
NA

international:
international communications from Bata and Malabo to African and European countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 291,359 (1999) 4,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular 32,042 (2000) NA
Television broadcast stations 7 (plus several low-power repeaters) (1997) 1 (1997)
Terrain narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains; dissected upland desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic
Total fertility rate 6.97 children born/woman (2001 est.) 4.88 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 30% (1995 est.) 30% (1998 est.)
Waterways none none
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